Kecerdasan Buatan Sebagai Fasilitator Prosedur Administrasi Publik: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur dan Analisis Bibliometrik
Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Public Administration, Digital Service, Regulation, Bibliometric AnalysisAbstract
The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has driven significant transformation in public administration. However, its implementation faces various challenges such as algorithmic bias, ethical and privacy issues, and limited human resource capacity. This study aims to examine the dynamics of AI implementation in public administration. This research employs a quantitative approach using the bibliometric method. The research design is descriptive quantitative. The population includes all scientific documents discussing AI in public administration indexed in the ScienceDirect database, with a sample of 481 documents selected based on inclusion criteria. The instrument used is the VOSviewer software. The research procedure involves keyword identification, article retrieval and selection, bibliographic data extraction, and visual mapping. The data analysis technique used is keyword co-occurrence analysis to identify the main clusters in the literature. The results reveal three major clusters: (1) governance and regulation, (2) education, digital competence, and ethics, and (3) technical aspects such as machine performance and data accuracy. The study concludes that AI implementation requires inclusive, ethical, and adaptive governance. Recommendations focus on strengthening human resource capacity, developing responsive regulations, and enhancing digital literacy, especially in developing countries.
Perkembangan teknologi Kecerdasan Buatan (Artificial Intelligence/AI) telah mendorong transformasi dalam administrasi publik. Namun, penerapannya menghadapi berbagai tantangan seperti bias algoritmik, isu etika dan privasi, serta keterbatasan kapasitas sumber daya manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dinamika penerapan AI dalam administrasi publik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode bibliometrik. Desain penelitian bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh dokumen ilmiah yang membahas topik AI dalam administrasi publik pada basis data ScienceDirect, dengan sampel sebanyak 481 dokumen yang dipilih melalui kriteria inklusi. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah perangkat lunak VOSviewer. Prosedur penelitian meliputi identifikasi kata kunci, penelusuran dan seleksi artikel, ekstraksi data bibliografis, serta pemetaan visual. Teknik analisis dilakukan melalui analisis ko-okurensi kata kunci untuk mengidentifikasi klaster utama dalam literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tiga klaster utama: (1) tata kelola pemerintahan dan regulasi, (2) pendidikan, kompetensi digital, dan etika, serta (3) aspek teknis seperti performa mesin dan akurasi data. Simpulan dari penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya tata kelola AI yang inklusif, etis, dan adaptif. Rekomendasi difokuskan pada penguatan kapasitas SDM, pengembangan regulasi yang responsif, dan peningkatan literasi digital, terutama di negara berkembang.
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