Dari Kebijakan ke Ketahanan Pangan: Evaluasi Program Bantuan Pangan Non Tunai (Bpnt) di Desa Borogojol

Abstract

Food security is a fundamental need directly linked to the quality of life. However, the implementation of the Non-Cash Food Assistance Program (BPNT) in Borogojol Village remains partly ineffective, as reflected in delayed distribution, limited community understanding, and inconsistent food quality. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of BPNT in enhancing household food security among beneficiaries. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through field observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s interactive model. Findings reveal that although program communication is relatively effective and implementers demonstrate strong dedication, weak institutional coordination and fluctuating food quality remain critical obstacles. Drawing on Edward III and Grindle’s policy implementation frameworks, the study highlights the decisive role of communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structures in policy outcomes. Overall, this research underscores the need for capacity building, stronger coordination, and quality control to optimize BPNT’s contribution to food security.

Ketahanan pangan merupakan kebutuhan mendasar yang berhubungan langsung dengan kualitas hidup masyarakat. Namun, implementasi Program Bantuan Pangan Non Tunai (BPNT) di Desa Borogojol belum sepenuhnya efektif, ditandai dengan keterlambatan distribusi, pemahaman masyarakat yang terbatas, dan kualitas bahan pangan yang fluktuatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas BPNT dalam memperkuat ketahanan pangan keluarga penerima manfaat. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa meskipun komunikasi program berjalan cukup baik dan pelaksana menunjukkan dedikasi positif, koordinasi antar lembaga serta kualitas distribusi pangan masih menjadi kendala utama. Kajian teori Edward III dan Grindle menegaskan bahwa faktor komunikasi, sumber daya, disposisi, dan struktur birokrasi sangat menentukan keberhasilan implementasi kebijakan. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya penguatan kapasitas SDM, koordinasi, serta pengawasan mutu untuk meningkatkan efektivitas BPNT.

Keywords: Food Security, BPNT, Policy Implementation